Astronomy | Womanity

This week on Womanity, Dr. Amaleya Goneos-Malka speaks with Professor Catherine Cress who is a Professor of Astronomy at the University of South Africa (UNISA). Her work spans the vast, invisible structures of the universe. Understanding how things work From the outset, Prof Cress reframes astronomy not as distant stargazing, but as a powerful laboratory for understanding the fundamental laws of reality. Her journey begins with a simple but profound curiosity: how does everything work? This curiosity led her from theoretical physics into astronomy, where the universe itself becomes the ultimate testing ground for ideas that cannot be replicated on Earth. Education in all forms Prof Cress has studied at institutions in South Africa, USA, and Germany, and reflects candidly on the role of education, not just formal institutions, but the importance of structured learning, discipline, and intellectual community. While acknowledging that today’s digital world offers unprecedented access to knowledge, she highlights a critical truth: learning in isolation is possible, but rarely optimal. Prof Cress makes a compelling case for the transferable skills gained from studying astronomy, positioning it as the “original data science.” She highlights how skills developed in astronomy, such as big data analysis, AI, computational modelling, translate directly into industries from retail to healthcare. Women’s roles in astronomy A particularly compelling thread in the interview is the role of inspiration and representation. Drawing on figures like Marie Curie and Vera Rubin, Prof Cress reveals how reading and understanding “imaginary mentors” shaped her resilience. She also uncovers the often-overlooked contributions of early female astronomers, women who, despite being sidelined as “computers,” made foundational discoveries that still underpin modern science. Prof Cress notes significant progress has been made for female representation in astronomy, while acknowledging that adjacent fields like physics and supercomputing still lag behind. She also addresses the need for scientists in Africa to believe in their own unique contributions to scientific discovery and pursue their research streams. She shares some of her research into dark matter. Using vivid analogies, she explains how astronomers “look back in time” using light that has travelled billions of years, compressing cosmic history into a scale that reveals just how fleeting human existence is. For example, if the age of the universe was compressed into one year, then all of human history would sit in the last 21 seconds of the year. We explore South Africa’s growing role in global astronomy through projects like MeerKAT and the Square Kilometre Array. Prof Cress frames these not just as scientific achievements, but as catalysts for African collaboration, talent development, and intellectual sovereignty. Success enablers On a personal level, Prof Cress speaks about the support structures that enabled her career, particularly the role of her husband as a primary caregiver, challenging traditional gender norms and offering practical advice to young women navigating similar paths. The interview closes on a note of empowerment. Prof Cress shares a powerful message: don’t underestimate yourself. Whether in science or beyond, she encourages women to claim space, seek support, and pursue their curiosity with confidence. Tune in for more…

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March 20, 2026

Prof. Catherine Cress – Astronomy – UNISA – Don’t Underestimate Yourself

This week on Womanity, Dr. Amaleya Goneos-Malka speaks with Professor Catherine Cress who is a Professor of Astronomy at the University of South Africa (UNISA). Her work spans the vast, invisible structures of the univ...

This week on Womanity, Dr. Amaleya Goneos-Malka speaks with astrophysicist Dr. Kenda Knowles, Senior Research Fellow at Rhodes University and researcher at the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory. She shares the story of how curiosity, resilience, and collaboration can open pathways to understanding the universe. Stargazing the future Dr. Knowles’ fascination with the cosmos began long before she imagined becoming a scientist. Growing up on the outskirts of Johannesburg and later KwaZulu-Natal, she had access to the kind of dark night skies that spark wonder. Navigating choices through elimination Her academic path was anything but predetermined. In high school, she knew mostly what she didn’t want to do. Instead of following the traditional routes expected of strong students, she gravitated toward physics because of its ability to explain how the world works. A computational physics programme at the University of KwaZulu-Natal ultimately gave her the perfect combination of scientific exploration and practical skills in computing. It was during these studies that she first encountered the groundbreaking Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project, an introduction that would steer her toward radio astronomy and shape the course of her career. Funding mechanisms make education accessible Funding opportunities played a decisive role in enabling her journey. Through the Human Capital Development programme linked to South Africa’s radio astronomy initiatives, Dr. Knowles gained the financial support needed to pursue postgraduate research and expand her academic networks. She emphasises that such programmes are not merely financial assistance, they are essential mechanisms that unlock opportunities for talented students who otherwise might never access scientific careers. Networks unlock opportunities Equally important were the relationships she built along the way. Mentorship and collaboration proved pivotal, especially early in her research career. One supervisor encouraged her to explore different research directions and connected her with experts around the world, enabling her to learn specialised skills and build an international network. These collaborations, she notes, are at the heart of modern astronomy, where discoveries depend on global teams working together rather than competing in isolation. Democratising scientific findings for global progress A defining milestone in Dr. Knowles’ career came in 2021 when she led an international team releasing a vast dataset from the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey. The MeerKAT telescope, situated in South Africa’s Karoo desert, is one of the world’s most sensitive radio telescopes. By observing more than a hundred galaxy clusters, the survey created an unprecedented window into some of the universe’s largest gravitationally bound structures. Galaxy clusters serve as cosmic laboratories. Studying them reveals how galaxies evolve in dense environments, how enormous magnetic fields behave across intergalactic space, and how extreme events—such as massive cluster mergers—shape the large-scale structure of the universe. By making this extensive dataset publicly available, Dr. Knowles and her colleagues ensured that researchers across the world could explore it, dramatically multiplying its scientific impact and helping democratise access to cutting-edge astronomical data. The scale of modern astronomy also means grappling with enormous volumes of information. As observatories like the James Webb Space Telescope and future surveys begin producing data on billions of galaxies, artificial intelligence and machine learning are becoming essential tools. These technologies allow scientists to sift through vast datasets and identify unusual or transformative phenomena that might otherwise remain hidden. Yet Dr. Knowles cautions that while AI is powerful, researchers must remain thoughtful about when and how to use it—it is not always the right solution for every problem. Building future scientists and unblocking systemic barriers Beyond research, Dr. Knowles is deeply committed to building the next generation of scientists. She regularly speaks to school students, runs skills-development workshops, and encourages young researchers to explore opportunities such as internships and vacation projects that allow them to experience scientific research firsthand. Her message to aspiring astronomers is practical and empowering: study mathematics and physics, seek mentorship, and take initiative in exploring the field. The conversation also explores the status of women in astronomy. While the field has made notable progress, sometimes reaching near gender parity among students, women remain underrepresented at the most senior academic levels. Dr. Knowles attributes this partly to systemic issues such as unequal administrative burdens and the challenges of balancing family responsibilities with the demanding “publish or perish” culture of academia. Addressing these barriers, she argues, requires conscious institutional change, mentorship structures, and supportive policies that allow talented women to progress in their careers. As the interview concludes, Dr. Knowles offers a powerful piece of advice to young women and girls: don’t place yourself in a box. She recalls a formative moment when a teacher challenged her for limiting herself by believing she was only “a science student.” That conversation inspired her to push beyond those self-imposed boundaries, an experience that eventually led her to unexpected achievements, including a creative writing award in her final year of school. Her takeaway message is: curiosity, creativity, and courage often matter more than predefined paths. By remaining open to possibilities and willing to explore beyond perceived limits, the next generation of scientists may not only discover new truths about the universe, but also new dimensions of their own potential. Tune in for more…

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March 12, 2026

Dr. Kenda Knowles – Astrophysicist – SARAO & Rhodes University – Empowered Connections

This week on Womanity, Dr. Amaleya Goneos-Malka speaks with astrophysicist Dr. Kenda Knowles, Senior Research Fellow at Rhodes University and researcher at the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory. She shares the ...

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Prof. Catherine Cress – Astronomy – UNISA – Don’t Underestimate Yourself

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Dr. Kenda Knowles – Astrophysicist – SARAO & Rhodes University – Empowered Connections

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Tag: Astronomy

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Prof. Catherine Cress – Astronomy – UNISA – Don’t Underestimate Yourself

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Dr. Kenda Knowles – Astrophysicist – SARAO & Rhodes University – Empowered Connections

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